Oil burner



June 26,1928. l 1,674,746

J. H. SMITH ETAL OIL BURNER Filed March 24, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 g l so A \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\w b\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\m '8 '9 lnvenTors.

` 27 dames H.Sm1h

A Rhea G. Smlh by/MMpM- Alys.

June 26, 192s. 1,674 746 J. H. SMITH ET A1.

OIL BURNER 2. Sheets-Shed 2 Filed March 24, 1925 Patented June 26, 1928.

1,674,746VHA l vor rice.

iaivinsiir. SMITH Ann Riina 'ol-oitionsiiirrri. or wernnrovvii, MASSACHUSETTS; sain mina eoenoiv 'siviirii Assicnon To sein Minus i-i. siviiirn.

0in minivan.

Application filed March 24, 1923. Serial. No..627,465;

This invention rela-'tes to oil burners and has for its objects to provide a novel burner` comprising burner tubes having` burner` openings and arranged so that the iniiiturev flames produced at all the openings will l0 be substantially of the same intensity; to` provide a novel forni of burner tube which is divided longitudinally to form adelivery` chamber which communicates with the bui-ner openings and -a distributing chamber.

' :into which the mixture of vaporized oil and :air is fed, said partition having ports therein centrally thereof whereby the gaseous fuel in the distributing chamber will be de` livered to the delivery chamber` centrally if thereof; to provide a novel vap'orizing element for if'aporizing the oil which is burned;

to provide a novel hood arrangement for the vaporizing tubewhich functions both` as a means for starting the burner and also func-.

5 tions to concentrate the heat on the vaporizing tube so as to secure a more complete vaporixation;to provide an oilmbui'ner spe` riaiy designed for use in a kitchen range and which is constructed so that it will deliver the heat laterally against the water front and the oven as well as upwardly against the top, and' otherwise to improve oil liurnei-s in various respects all as will be more fully hereinafter set forth.

l n order to give an understanding of our invention we have illustrated in the drawings a selected embodiment thereof which will now be described after which the novel features will he pointed out in the appended claims. i

Fig. l is a sectional view shoving our improved burner as it might beapplied for the heating of a cooking range;

Fig. 2 is a section on the lline 2-'2, Fig. l; 4 i Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view through the vaporizing tube;

Fig. ft lis an enlarged sectional view on substantially the line #l-4i, Fig. l; 1

Fig. 5 is a section on the line m, Fig. 4; 5P with parts in elevation;

Fig. 6 is en enlarged sectional View `partly broken out on the line 6--6, Fig.' 2;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the baille plate or partition employed for dividing the burner tube into the ing tube;

ber;

Fig. showing a Vdifferent construction of vaporia Fig. 9 isa section on the line 9*-9, Fig. 87;,

`distributing chamber ,and the delivery chanii 8 is a fragmentary .sectional view Fig. l0 is a section on the line lO-10,

Fig.. 1;

Fig Fig. 4.

While our invention maybe embodied in oil burners adapted for various purposes we have herein chosen to illustrate it as it might bel embodied in an oil burner designed to be used iii the fire-boi;` of a 'cooking range. .W'e desire to state, howeverfthat our invention be embodied in oil burners adapted for `use in other locations, it simply being iiecessary toV design the shape of the. burner so that it will fit the desired location;

f In the drawings we have shown at 9()` a cooking range having the usual fire-box 9i and grate 92, rsaid view showing the range in verticalsectionw.The oil` bui-ner hereinshown is adapted to occupy the tii'e-boxQl. and to be supported on the grate `92: Said. oil burner'is ofi that typecoinprising :a plurality of burner tubes having burner openv ings and; supported Aat theirfends `by two heads, one or both of which is in the nature of a manifold and is provided lwith a chainber communicating with the burner tubes,I a vaporizing element for vaporizing eiland means for mixing the vaporized` oil with air and delivering it to the chamber of the manifold. 5

In our present invention we have provided a burner involving two rows of burner tubes,y one arranged above theother. These burner tubes are indicated generally at l and l1 is a Vsection on the linen-l1,

in the lower` row. These burner tubes are 1 provided with burner openings 3 and each burner opening is preferably spanned by a:

perforated member 4 having relatively fine V,openings or perforatioiis therein. These burner tubes are supported at their `ends by two heads 5 and 6, said heads beiiigprovided with annular recesses 7 into which the ends of the tubes iit. The tubes and heads `are of tie rods 8 which extend through the tubes struction which is easy to assemble since the shown held in assembled relation by meansl iie.

. oil With air, said lmixture being delivered to assembling operation involves merely placing the ends of the tubes in the recesses 7 of the heads and inserting the tie rods 8 and. tightening the nuts 9 thereon. .n

The head is made inthe form of `a manifold, it havinga 'chamber 10 therein which communicates with all of the burner tubes Vthrough openings 11. Theburnerfalso in volves avaporizing element'for vaporizing the oil and means for mixing the vaporized the manifold l0 from Which-itis distributed Y to thevarious burner tubes. 'i v The'vaporizing of the oil is. accomplished. Vin a vaporizing tube 12 which isf'herein shovvnas situated between theV tivorowsof tubes anddirectlyover. the center tube 2 of tendsthrough anV opening 13A in the headr and is connected'to a supply pipe V111 by the lower row.' This vaporizing tube 12 ex- Which the oilis supplied thereto. The deliv# ery end of the vapori'zing tube 12 has a de'-` livery head 15 secured thereto vvhich is provided With aV chamber or passage 16S-with' burner openings in the central burner tube 2 Whichissituated drectlyunder the vaporizing tube. y A -f v In the operation Aof a'burner of this type it is important to keep the delivery orificev 17 unobstructed for lif itfbecomes clogged j with carbon properly. ,We have the burner vdoes not function herein provided Aiilteringmeans i Within ythe vaporizingtube 12 Which serves.

Y vice which is located lin theehamber 16 and Vwhich helps to eliminate any solid lmatter V y ofvarious kinds may be used in the vapor-j Vizing tube Y12. In Fig. 2 We have shown to filter. the `oil andthe oil vapor asfit'isV formed and.. to remove therefrom any free 4carbon or' other solid'matter which would be likely to clog the delivery opening'17,` and in addition We have provided a screen defrom Vthe vaporized gas. :Filtering material filtering material in the form of gravel 18,

i said gravel being retained in the tube ateach fend by means Vof arscreenlniember 19 Which is insertedl into the tube. VIn Figs. 8 and 9 VWe have shown aV dilferent form of filter which comprises al plurality of disks 2()v of lire-clay oryother material, which disks are each provided With a plurality` of small 'ports'.

or Y. passages 21 extending therethrough. The 'faces` 22 of the disks are preferabl'ycoii! Vcaved so lthat chambersv 23 will be -fo'rmed between adjacent disks. l This construction is highly; advantageous becauselas the oil vapor 254m the basket. l `member 2l'vvillfunction both Vas a filter and asa screen. Thehead 15is shownV as proburner tubes. v

passes through( the successive disks and into the variouschambers 23 it is rendered ho- 1 vmogeneous andany carbon particles or other Vsolid matter will become depositedton the Vdisks so that the'gaseous mixture which is 4Vdelivered from Vthe opening 17 Will be free V,from material Whicliwvould be apt to clogl said opening. y ,l Y

Located tin the chamber 16 is a screen member which may be in the form of fine "vvire mesh. The screen member may have any appropriate shape so long as it forms a screen'yvliich is in the `pathof all gasesas Vthey lpass through the chamber. This screenforms an added means for eliminating anyisolid matter in the vaporized oil. .In V- F ig; 3 fthescreen is shovvn-at2t and itisin f thevv formofa Wire gauze basket and if desired We may place some librousimaterial In this case thelscreen vided with an lopening'26directly beneath the member 24, Wliich'opening i`s.closed by a threaded plug 27. The purpose of this construction is to provide means whereby the screen 24 can be readily removed and rei placed.`

Asthe vaporized oil is delivered from the .deliveryorifice 17 it is mixed With air and the air mixture delivered to the chamber l0 Vand the` manifold 5. This mixing of the Vvaporized oil` and air isaccomplished in a,

vmixing` chamber28V herein formed lby a tubular member 31 carried by the'manifold 5l andcommunicating..therewith at one end through an opening 29,"the other end 30Yof the member .being open.V Tliisopen end 3Q is lsituated adjacent the head 15 and the arrangementis suchy that the jetl of vaporized fuel. delivered from'thev orifice 17 will be directed into-:the mixingV chamber 28. In actual practice this jet of vaporized oil is delivered from the orifice 17 with considerable forcefso that a slight suctionrivill' be l'created which Will dravv'air into the chamber '28y Where it` becomes mingled with the vaporizedV oil'. This mixture of air and Vvaporized oil is delivered to the chamber 1() of the manifold and from thence to Vthe We haveV found from practice that with the arrangement of burner tube shown in Fig. 2 a mixture ,of'oil vapor .and air which is deliveredto the manifold 10 tends Vto lioiv morev freely to thebu'rnertubes at the corners than to the center burner tubes and in order'to provide forr'uniforin delivery of this gaseous mixture to all the. tubes ive propose to make the outer Wall of *the chamber 10 fivith balile plates or ribs "55 which' extend vertically and form between them a Vshallow vertically-extending'channel 56.'v The mixture of'oil vapor andair is delivered to the chamber 10 centrally thereof and thefbaiile plates= are oflsuilicient extent so Athat they tend to directa properV portion` or the gaseous mixture vertically tothe center tubes. lin this'vvay an even distribution oi' the mixture to all the tubes is provided so tllrzt all the burneilftubes will beoperating a i Je. l i

We have herein illustrated a hood u32 which encloses the mining chamber and, the head1 l5. i 'K 4The head 6 is also shown as having a chamber 33 therein whichy communicates with the burner tubes, said headl thus alsol functioning as manifold which tends yto equalize the distribution of gaseous vfuel to4 chamber centrally oftlietube and will thus i be evenly' distributed yto openings.

Referring to Figs. l, EZ' and 6, for instance,` it will bev seen that the burner tubes' L are divided longitudinally by horizontal parti'- tions 34 which divide the tubes intol a delivery chamber 35 above the partition that communicates with the 'burner openings-3 itlie lvarious burner and a second chamber-36 beneath thc-parti4 tion, which wel have termed a distributing chamber.f TheA delivery chamber` hasno direct communication with the chambers oft the manifold, as thepartition S'lis provided with end walls 37 which close communication.- between the ends of the chamber 35 and the'manifolds. The lowerchamber 36,l how-- ever, communicates with. the Vmanifolds through the openings` 111iV so that-thegaseous mixture from the chamber 10 olr' the manifoldl is deliveredy to the distributing'chamber 36 through said opening 11. i

The two chambers 35` and communicate withy each other at the central .portionof' thel tube throughone or more ports 38)v that are iormed inthe partition 343. Vith thiswarrangement the gaseous mixture will bede livered from they chamber 10 ofthe maniiold into the distributing chamber 36- and from the latter will be -del'ivered to the delivery' chamber 35 at* its central portion` `The gaseous mixture will thenv be distributed in 1 each direction in the deliveryV chamber andi thus a substantiallyuniform pressure will" be maintained at all of the burner openings; f

to by suitable screws 49;

fmore eii'ectively accomplshed.`

edges of the hood i3 are/trough shapeas length of the burner tube.

A" convenient way ot forming the partitions is that herein illustrated in which eaclr partition isiformed in two sections, each section having at one endfthe semi-circular flange that constitutesthe wall 37 and at the other end asimilar wallI 39 which is pro- 391asl clearly shown in Figi-6.

le have referred? above to the perforated members fl spanning the burneropenings. These members can be 'formed by taking a curved'sheet ot finely perforated metal and vided with" an opening 40. They 'partitions j, are held in place byV meansV of screws al1 lwhich are inserted through the burner tube andl screw intowthe walls/87 and the portions placingl it inside oli the burner tube beneath Vhe burner openings and between said tubeV and the portions 3'?, 39 ofl the partition. This sheetmetal' member is provided with openings@ i'or the reception of the screws 4l, said openings being considerably larger than the screws so as to allow `for expansion and their end walls 37, 39, therefore, serve `not only toy divide the burner tubes into the Vdistributing "chambers andy delivery cham# bers but they also serve to holdthe perife-` rated member 1l in place. 1

Another feature o'l our invention relates to a hood device which is associated with the if'aporizing tube and which 'functions both as la means for," starting" the' burner andi as a dies ii8 which extend transversely across the tubes oi' thelower row and are secured therey y `Each cradle is provided centrally with a curved seat 5() on which" the vaporizing tube l2 rests andk each A1When this center burner' tube is operatingthe hoodnmember'lltl serves to concentrate the heat 4from the burner openings Bitlierein onto" the vaporizing tube so that the vaporization of theoil will be The lower shown at elle' andy are designed for use in `starting the burner.` This isiloneA by pour-VV ing alcohol, gasoline or other priming fuel into thel troughs 441 and then lighting such `fuel. i The" heat from ,this lighted priming the lburner.l The' hood 43 is removably fluid.. Y y lfdesired, a suitableivicking 45 may' be R. ul

Y sustained VVon the cradles 48 thusfacilitating #the filling of the troughs With the v priming placed in the troughs'ivhicli Willa-bsorb the priming liquid .and tliusretain vit While the;

lghoo-d beingfi'eplacedin theburner, The

hood shown asliaving a: finger piece' 47 extending :therefrom by AWhiehqi-t may be manipulated.In using the; hood 43j as fa.` lighter itfinay be removed from the burner.` as above describedVv and the priming fuelV poured into thertroughs 44 after Which theV lighter Will be replaced and the priming fuel lighted by means of a taper or in some other suitablevway. Tlieburningof the priming` fluid will start the vaporization of theoil in the vaporizing. tube land vas soonas the vaporized oil and `air. mixture reach the, burner openings 3 the burner may be lighted by means of a, taper.A Sometimes the flame from theflighter .is sunicient. to automatiu callylight the'burner tubes after thevapor- T. izingprocesshas been continued sufciently long.r i. Y n

The endvvalls 5242i vthe recesses 51 serve as a meanslfor positioningftliehood. and ensuring `that :it will alwaysbe' properly lo- K cated Whe-n it is repla ing tube.

ced over thel vaporisa- The burner tubes of the top roiv have their burner openings in the upper side andthusl throw'tlie heat upwardly. The two outside burner tubes Q of the lower row have the burner openings in the side thereof Vas Vshown best in Fig. 2; so that the flamelfrom these burner tubesy willA be directed laterally,..one

burner tube. operating to', heat'the Water front and the other .assisting inheating the oven: Ifthebaflie plates 34 are Viisedin the tubes ofthe lower` row tlien'the baffle plates Aofl-tlie`outsidfe.tubes;of said lower row will have vwthe inclined arrangement 'sho-Wn Figs. 2..,and 4 sincethe burner openings. in.

these `tubes are on the .side thereof..

` We claim.V g

I Inj an oil burner, the combination With a buinjertube having burner openingsand .divided longitudinally into a distributing ber atltlie'iendf-of theftube, Wliereby said mixture is delivered*` tov the delivery `chambercentrally ofthe tube. Aand thence *toV the Y r in at which. combustion takesplace, a vaporbuiiieropenings. l Y y2.1In'anoil burner, the combination with a plurality of burnergtubes having burner openings yand being divided .'longitudinallyj into a` deliverychamber which communicates .with the burner openings anda distributing tributingfchambersbf the tubes, Vsand means. to deliveiito the chamberl of the'v manifold i, a mixture of vapori'zedoil and air..f

" chamber attlie end ofthe tube.

'inanifoldfv v chamber1said chambers communicating cen- Y trally of thetube, cfa manifold .head having a *chamber` communicating'with` the 'dis-v 3.. In anvoil burner, the combi-nationV With a burnelitube having lburner openings, ofja Y partition .member separate fi'om 'the' tube` and extending longitudinally thereofl and having semicircular Walls. at 'its ends, means :for securingvsaid Walls to said tuba-whereby the partitioiiis supported, said partition`v` dividing theitubefinto ka Vdelivery chamber Which communicates with the burner openingsV and la distributing cliamberand yalso having ports thereincentrallyofthe tube forming a communication .between said.

chambers, and 'means lto -deliver a mixture of vaporized oil Yand air to tliejdistributing 4.-'In an oil burner,the combination partition member extending` longitudinally. of each tube and having seiniecircular Walls iburner tubes having burner openings7 of at its ends, means Afor securing said AWalls.-

to said tubes, whereby the partition .is sup-.5..

Vfported,lsaid .partition dividing the tube into a delivery 'chamber vvhich communicates Witlithe burner openings and a distributing chamber vand also having ports therein cen-.

trally of the tube-forming .a communication i between said chambers, a manifold to which the tubes. are connected and which has av common chamber communicating .with the distributing chamberV of all thevtubes, and

means to deliver*vaporized` oil Vandair to the 5. In an Voil burner, ,the combination `tvith burnertubesliaving burnenopenings, Vof a partition member Vextending longitudinally Y of veach tube and having. semi-circular `Walls lon atits ends-means forsecuring :said Walls tol said tubesy Wlierebythe partition is supported, said partition dividing the tube into a delivery Vcliamber which communicates Withthe burner openings, and a distributing chamber` andxalso having ports therein cen-` trally .of tlietubel forming a communication A Abetween said chambers;aperforated member Within eachburner tube and located between the'latter andV saidiwalls, and retained in placeby themeans for securing said 'Walls to the tube, said means being constructed to `provide for expansion and contraction of the perforated member, "andfmeans to deliver `vaporizyf-idfoil tothe endsof the tubes. v

til-In an oilburner, the combination With a vburner tube `havingbnrner openings there.

Vplurality ofperforatedj diskseach having aV f yrecessedface. n,

7. In an oil burner, the combination with two rip-standing end members or heads, one of which is hollow and constitutes a manifold,'of a plurality of burner tubes extending from one end member to the other and arranged in upper and lower series,all the burner tubes communicating with the chamber of the vmanifold member and receiving their fuel supply therefroni, a horizontallyarranged mixing chamber situated between said seriesof tubes and communicating at one end with the chamber of said manifold head, the other endv of said mixing chamber being open, a vaporizing device separate from the burner tubes and situated between the two series of tubes, said vaporizing device comprising a vaporizing tube, a discharge head rigid with the tube and having a discharge opening directed into the open end of the mixing chamber. j y

8. In an oil burner, the combination with two upfstanding end members or heads, one of which is in the form of a manifold, of a plurality of burner tubes supported by said heads and arranged in upper and lower series, all the burner tubes communicating with the manifold head, a horizontally-an ranged mixing chamber situated vbetween said series of tubes and communicating at one end with said manifold head, the other end of said Vmixing chamber being open, a vaporizing device separate from the burner tubes and situated between the two series of tubes, said vaporizing device comprising a vapori'zing tube, a discharge head rigid with the tube and having a discharge opening directed into the open end of the mixing chamber,and tie rods extending through certain of said burner tubes and tying t e heads together.

9. In an oil burner, the combination with a burner element, of a. vaporizing tube situated above said burner element and a hood adapted to embrace the va-porizing tube, said hood 'having an open top and also an open bottom and its lower edges trough shape and thereby providing receptacles for priming fuel.

l0. In an oil burner, the combination with a plurality of burner tubes, of cradle members supported on said tubes, a vapor izing tube, and a hood adapted to embrace the vaporizing tube and to be removably supported on the cradles, said hood having pockets to receive priming fuel.

11. In an oil burner, the combination with. a. plurality of burner tubes, of cradle members supported on said tubes, each cradle member having a rest, a vaporizing tube seated on said rests, and a hood adapted to embrace the vaporizing tube and to be supported on the cradles.

12. Inan oil burner, the combination with a plurality of burner tubes, of a manifold at one end of said tubes having a chamber communicating with the tubes, means to deliver a mixture of vaporized oil and, air into the manifold, and ribs situated within the manifold and extending in the general direction in which said mixture flows through the manifold, said ribs serving to guide the vaporized oil and secure aneven distribution of it to the various burner tubes.

13. In an oil burner, the combination wit-h two horizontal rows of burner tubes, of a manifold at one end of said tubes having a chamber communicating with the' tubes, means to deliver a mixture of vaporized oil and air into the manifold, means within the manifold to secure an even distribution of the vaporized oil to the various burner tubes, said means including vertically-extending ribs on one wall of the manifold forming between them a channel to direct asuitable portion of the vaporized Vfuel to the central burner tubes of each row.

14C. In an oil burner, the combination with burner tubes having burner openings, each tube being divided longitudinally into a distributing chamber and a delivery chamber, the latter communicating with the burner openings and the two chambers communicating only centrally of the burner tube, a manifold communicating with the distributing chambers of the burner tubes at one end thereof, a mixing chamber communicating with the manifold, a vaporizing tube, a discharge head having a chamber therein com municating with the vaporizing tube and also having a discharge orifice to deliver vaporized oil into the mixing ch amber,means for iiltering and screening the vaporized oil in the vaporizing tube and head of the discharge chamber, and means within the manifold to secure a proper distribution of vaporized oil tothe various burner tubes.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this speciiication.

JAMES H. SMITH.

Eli-IEA GORDON SMITH. 

